[Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus [SA] and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] in personnel of operation room of Shahid Sadoughi hospital, Yazd, Iran]

Staphylococcus aureus [SA] may cause infection in all body organs. Many personnel and patients in hospitals may become carriers of this species. The aim of this study was to investigate relative frequency of SA and its resistance to Methicillin. A couple of swabs were taken from nose and nails of 151 personnels working in operation room of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd. Samples were inoculated into Mannitol salt agar medium and S. aureus colonies were antibiogramed to determine the rate of resistance to methicillin. Statistical analyses were performed by chi-square and Fishers' exact test. Overall prevalence of SA was 35.09%[19.2% and 15.9% in noses and nails, respectively]. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant SA [MRSA] was 11.92%[5.3% and 6.6% in noses and nails, respectively]. Surgeons had the highest, and workers the lowest prevalence of nasal SA carrier rate. In contrast, the nails of servants had the highest, and surgeons the lowest SA carrier rate. No significant difference was found between carrier rate and age, sex and duration of employment. But a meaningful relation was found between type of job and MRSA in both noses and nails. All of the MRSA isolates were sensitive to vancomycin. Since employees of operation room are continuously working with patients undergone operation, screening both the personnel and patients to determine the rate of carriage, preventing transfusions of fore mentioned bacterium is necessary and highly recommended

[Study of molecular epidemiologic of group B streptococcus colonization in pregnant women by PCR method]

Group B streptococcus[GBS][Streptococcus agalactiae] is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of the newborn infant and accounted as a factor leading septicemia after birth in mothers. Infections in infants are usually acquired by contact with the genital tract of the mother during labor and delivery. So a rapid screening test for group B streptococcus that could accurately identify pregnant women who are carrying the bacteria at the time of delivery would obviate the need for prenatal screening.The goal of this study was molecular epidemiology of group B beta Hemolytic Streptococcal[GBS] colonization in the vaginal flora of pregnant women. Samples were taken from mucus of anal and vaginal of 250 pregnant women during 35-37 week's ingestion by swap. Samples were tested by standard culture using Todd Hewitt Broth and Blood Agar and also by PCR using cfb gene. Culture identified 21[8.4%] women as carriage of GBS from 250 women but PCR assay could identify 24[9/6%] women. In comparison to culture results, sensitivity, NPV Specificity PPV of PCR Were[100%, 100% and 97%, 82%] respectively. The times that used for PCR assay and culture were 2h and 36h respectively. In conclusion, we found that group B streptococci can be detected rapidly and reliably by a PCR assay of combined vaginal and anal secretions from pregnant women at the time of delivery. Also this study shows that incidence of GBS is at high rate in Iranian pregnant woman, so we recommend screening of pregnant woman for detecting of GBS emphatically